[{"arm_notes": "", "treatment_id": null, "treatment_name": "Intervention1: Lopinavir-Ritonavir: Lopinavir is a HIV-1 (Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1) protease inhibitor; normally used as part of combined drug therapy for HIV. Ritonavir is added to Lopinavir to enhance efficacy by increasing serum availability [3]. In-vitro experiments show viral susceptibility to the drug. A published series of patients treated with this Lopinavir-Ritonavir showed improved outcomes at 21 days after diagnosis; compared to historical controls. Lopinavir-Ritonavir has previously been shown to improve outcomes in animal models (marmosets) infected with MERS-CoV. A trial including 194 patients with advanced COVID-19 infection showed a small difference in time to clinical improvement; suggesting the need for further trials evaluating this drug. Though early studies have not shown any difference in post treatment viral load; some centres are using this drug combination off-label to treat COVID-19 patients. No work has yet looked at the impact of these drugs on pre-infection or pre-symptomatic treatment (or in vulnerable patients). Robust evidence is needed to prove or exclude the benefit of Lopinavir-Ritonavir use to prevent pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery.Intervention2: Hydroxychloroquine: Hydroxychloroquine is usually used as an antimalarial drug and in auto-immune diseases such as Lupus and Rheumatoid Arthritis. Promising laboratory studies have shown that chloroquine decreases COVID-19 entrance and replication within cells; together with its known anti-inflammatory effect. From small early phase clinical trials in China that included more than 100 patients being treated for COVID-19 pneumonia; chloroquine was associated with a shorter course of disease and less pneumonia exacerbation. A subsequent small non-randomised study", "treatment_type": "TODO", "pharmacological_treatment": "TODO"}]

[{"arm_notes": "", "treatment_id": 607, "treatment_name": "Hydroxychloroquine", "treatment_type": "Antimalarials", "pharmacological_treatment": "Pharmacological treatment"}, {"arm_notes": "", "treatment_id": 1562, "treatment_name": "Hydroxychloroquine+lopinavir+ritonavir", "treatment_type": "Antimalarials+antivirals", "pharmacological_treatment": "Pharmacological treatment"}, {"arm_notes": "", "treatment_id": 1604, "treatment_name": "Lopinavir+ritonavir", "treatment_type": "Antivirals", "pharmacological_treatment": "Pharmacological treatment"}, {"arm_notes": "", "treatment_id": 2188, "treatment_name": "Standard of care", "treatment_type": "Standard of care", "pharmacological_treatment": "Standard of care"}]

[{"arm_notes": "", "treatment_id": null, "treatment_name": "N/A", "treatment_type": "TODO", "pharmacological_treatment": "TODO"}]

[{"arm_notes": "", "treatment_id": null, "treatment_name": "Intervention1: Lopinavir-Ritonavir: Lopinavir is a HIV-1 (Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1) protease inhibitor; normally used as part of combined drug therapy for HIV. Ritonavir is added to Lopinavir to enhance efficacy by increasing serum availability [3]. In-vitro experiments show viral susceptibility to the drug. A published series of patients treated with this Lopinavir-Ritonavir showed improved outcomes at 21 days after diagnosis; compared to historical controls. Lopinavir-Ritonavir has previously been shown to improve outcomes in animal models (marmosets) infected with MERS-CoV. A trial including 194 patients with advanced COVID-19 infection showed a small difference in time to clinical improvement; suggesting the need for further trials evaluating this drug. Though early studies have not shown any difference in post treatment viral load; some centres are using this drug combination off-label to treat COVID-19 patients. No work has yet looked at the impact of these drugs on pre-infection or pre-symptomatic treatment (or in vulnerable patients). Robust evidence is needed to prove or exclude the benefit of Lopinavir-Ritonavir use to prevent pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery.Intervention2: Hydroxychloroquine: Hydroxychloroquine is usually used as an antimalarial drug and in auto-immune diseases such as Lupus and Rheumatoid Arthritis. Promising laboratory studies have shown that chloroquine decreases COVID-19 entrance and replication within cells; together with its known anti-inflammatory effect. From small early phase clinical trials in China that included more than 100 patients being treated for COVID-19 pneumonia; chloroquine was associated with a shorter course of disease and less pneumonia exacerbation. A subsequent small non-randomised study", "treatment_type": "TODO", "pharmacological_treatment": "TODO"}]

[]

[{"arm_notes": "", "treatment_id": null, "treatment_name": "Intervention1: Lopinavir-Ritonavir: Lopinavir is a HIV-1 (Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1) protease inhibitor; normally used as part of combined drug therapy for HIV. Ritonavir is added to Lopinavir to enhance efficacy by increasing serum availability [3]. In-vitro experiments show viral susceptibility to the drug. A published series of patients treated with this Lopinavir-Ritonavir showed improved outcomes at 21 days after diagnosis; compared to historical controls. Lopinavir-Ritonavir has previously been shown to improve outcomes in animal models (marmosets) infected with MERS-CoV. A trial including 194 patients with advanced COVID-19 infection showed a small difference in time to clinical improvement; suggesting the need for further trials evaluating this drug. Though early studies have not shown any difference in post treatment viral load; some centres are using this drug combination off-label to treat COVID-19 patients. No work has yet looked at the impact of these drugs on pre-infection or pre-symptomatic treatment (or in vulnerable patients). Robust evidence is needed to prove or exclude the benefit of Lopinavir-Ritonavir use to prevent pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery.Intervention2: Hydroxychloroquine: Hydroxychloroquine is usually used as an antimalarial drug and in auto-immune diseases such as Lupus and Rheumatoid Arthritis. Promising laboratory studies have shown that chloroquine decreases COVID-19 entrance and replication within cells; together with its known anti-inflammatory effect. From small early phase clinical trials in China that included more than 100 patients being treated for COVID-19 pneumonia; chloroquine was associated with a shorter course of disease and less pneumonia exacerbation. A subsequent small non-randomised study", "treatment_type": "TODO", "pharmacological_treatment": "TODO"}]