1. severe vomiting and difficulty in taking oral medication or in taking oral medication, 2. pregnant and nursing women, 3. subjects received lopinavir/ridonavir, ribavirin, monoclonal antibodies and other specific antiviral drugs in the week prior to admission, 4. cases of respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation, 5. cases of shock, 6. combined with other organ failure requires intensive care unit, 7. patients with no clinical expectation of survival and only end-of-life care, or those in a deep coma who did not respond to supportive treatment within three hours of admission.

1. severe vomiting and difficulty in taking oral medication or in taking oral medication, 2. pregnant and nursing women, 3. subjects received lopinavir/ridonavir, ribavirin, monoclonal antibodies and other specific antiviral drugs in the week prior to admission, 4. cases of respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation, 5. cases of shock, 6. combined with other organ failure requires intensive care unit, 7. patients with no clinical expectation of survival and only end-of-life care, or those in a deep coma who did not respond to supportive treatment within three hours of admission.