* no consent to participate, * active pneumonia diagnosed by x-ray, * documented heart disease (stable or unstable), * status after cabg, ptca, * uncontrolled hypertension, * insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, * inability to exercise independently or musculoskeletal/neurological conditions that would prevent completion of the course, * lung cancer, * cognitive impairment or mini-mental state examination \< 24.

* no consent to participate, * active pneumonia diagnosed by x-ray, * documented heart disease (stable or unstable), * status after cabg, ptca, * uncontrolled hypertension, * insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, * inability to exercise independently or musculoskeletal/neurological conditions that would prevent completion of the course, * lung cancer, * cognitive impairment or mini-mental state examination \< 24.

no consent to participate, active pneumonia diagnosed by x-ray, documented heart disease (stable or unstable), status after cabg, ptca, uncontrolled hypertension, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, inability to exercise independently or musculoskeletal/neurological conditions that would prevent completion of the course, lung cancer, cognitive impairment or mini-mental state examination < 24.

no consent to participate, active pneumonia diagnosed by x-ray, documented heart disease (stable or unstable), status after cabg, ptca, uncontrolled hypertension, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, inability to exercise independently or musculoskeletal/neurological conditions that would prevent completion of the course, lung cancer, cognitive impairment or mini-mental state examination < 24.