1. patient on imv/ecmo. 2. woman who is pregnant or breastfeeding. 3. patient with weight \<50 kg or \>120 kg or bmi \>40 kg/m\^2. 4. patient with stage 4 or 5 chronic kidney disease or estimated glomerular filtration rate \<30 ml/min. 5. patient with an active malignant tumor (diagnosed or on active treatment for the past 6 months). 6. patient who is participating in other concurrent interventional clinical trials or has been treated with any experimental agents within 30 days prior to enrollment. 7. patient who based on their medical history and receipt of therapies that would suggest infection, has suspected serious, active bacterial (including a suspected clinical diagnosis of current active tuberculosis \[tb\] or, if known, latent tb treated for less than 4 weeks with appropriate anti-tb therapy per institutional guidelines), fungal, or viral (including, but not limited to, active hbv, hcv, or hiv/aids) infection. 8. patient with known immunocompromised state or immunosuppressive medications taken for indications other than sars-cov-2 as follows: * prednisone or equivalent to a dose \>10 mg/day, methotrexate \>15 mg/week, within the last 60 days. cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine a (unless as ophthalmic formulation), leflunomide/teriflunomide (unless as monotherapy), tacrolimus (unless as a topical formulation), everolimus, temsirolimus, or azathioprine, in the last 60 days; * methylprednisolone, dexamethasone, cortisone, or betamethasone for more than 7 days within the last 28 days or within 5 half-lives, whichever is longer; * chemotherapy in the last 3 months; * mycophenolate mofetil (mmf) or sirolimus for solid organ transplant or bone marrow transplant; * thalidomide within the last 72 hours. * anti-tumor necrosis factor (tnf) agents, interleukin (il)-1 receptor antagonists (il-1-ra), ctla-4 fusion proteins, anti-cd20, anti-cd52, anti-il-2, anti-il-6r, anti-il-12/23, anti-b-cell activation factor (baff) or integrin inhibitor agents within the last 8 weeks. 9. patient with known new york heart association (nyha) class iii and iv heart failure or unstable angina, ventricular arrhythmias, ischemic heart disease, or myocardial infarction within 6 months prior to diagnosis of covid-19. 10. patient with known active upper gastrointestinal (gi) tract ulceration or hepatic dysfunction including but not limited to biopsy-proven cirrhosis; end-stage cirrhosis (child pugh class c); portal hypertension; episodes of past upper gi bleeding attributed to portal hypertension; or prior episodes of hepatic failure, encephalopathy, or coma. 11. patient with known idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. 12. patient with chronic respiratory disease requiring home oxygen therapy on a regular basis for more than 6 hours per day. 13. patient with known chronic obstructive pulmonary disease gold 4 (forced expiratory volume in one second \<30% predicted). 14. patient with any medical, psychiatric or substance abuse condition, concurrent medical therapies, or abnormal laboratory values that in the opinion of the site investigator may influence response to study product, or interfere with the study assessments. 15. patient with gcs \<13 with verbal score \<5. 16. patient with hemoglobin \<8 g/dl. 17. patient with history of chronic liver disease, evidence of acute cholangitis or cholecystitis. patients with at least one of the following: * alt or ast \>10xuln (upper limit of normal) * bilirubin \>5xuln * combination of alt/ast \>7xuln and elevated direct bilirubin \>uln 18. patient with known history of transfusion reactions, hemolytic anemia, or repetitive allergic reaction. 19. patient with previous history of organ allograft or stem cell transplantation.

1. patient on imv/ecmo. 2. woman who is pregnant or breastfeeding. 3. patient with weight \<50 kg or \>120 kg or bmi \>40 kg/m\^2. 4. patient with stage 4 or 5 chronic kidney disease or estimated glomerular filtration rate \<30 ml/min. 5. patient with an active malignant tumor (diagnosed or on active treatment for the past 6 months). 6. patient who is participating in other concurrent interventional clinical trials or has been treated with any experimental agents within 30 days prior to enrollment. 7. patient who based on their medical history and receipt of therapies that would suggest infection, has suspected serious, active bacterial (including a suspected clinical diagnosis of current active tuberculosis \[tb\] or, if known, latent tb treated for less than 4 weeks with appropriate anti-tb therapy per institutional guidelines), fungal, or viral (including, but not limited to, active hbv, hcv, or hiv/aids) infection. 8. patient with known immunocompromised state or immunosuppressive medications taken for indications other than sars-cov-2 as follows: * prednisone or equivalent to a dose \>10 mg/day, methotrexate \>15 mg/week, within the last 60 days. cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine a (unless as ophthalmic formulation), leflunomide/teriflunomide (unless as monotherapy), tacrolimus (unless as a topical formulation), everolimus, temsirolimus, or azathioprine, in the last 60 days; * methylprednisolone, dexamethasone, cortisone, or betamethasone for more than 7 days within the last 28 days or within 5 half-lives, whichever is longer; * chemotherapy in the last 3 months; * mycophenolate mofetil (mmf) or sirolimus for solid organ transplant or bone marrow transplant; * thalidomide within the last 72 hours. * anti-tumor necrosis factor (tnf) agents, interleukin (il)-1 receptor antagonists (il-1-ra), ctla-4 fusion proteins, anti-cd20, anti-cd52, anti-il-2, anti-il-6r, anti-il-12/23, anti-b-cell activation factor (baff) or integrin inhibitor agents within the last 8 weeks. 9. patient with known new york heart association (nyha) class iii and iv heart failure or unstable angina, ventricular arrhythmias, ischemic heart disease, or myocardial infarction within 6 months prior to diagnosis of covid-19. 10. patient with known active upper gastrointestinal (gi) tract ulceration or hepatic dysfunction including but not limited to biopsy-proven cirrhosis; end-stage cirrhosis (child pugh class c); portal hypertension; episodes of past upper gi bleeding attributed to portal hypertension; or prior episodes of hepatic failure, encephalopathy, or coma. 11. patient with known idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. 12. patient with chronic respiratory disease requiring home oxygen therapy on a regular basis for more than 6 hours per day. 13. patient with known chronic obstructive pulmonary disease gold 4 (forced expiratory volume in one second \<30% predicted). 14. patient with any medical, psychiatric or substance abuse condition, concurrent medical therapies, or abnormal laboratory values that in the opinion of the site investigator may influence response to study product, or interfere with the study assessments. 15. patient with gcs \<13 with verbal score \<5. 16. patient with hemoglobin \<8 g/dl. 17. patient with history of chronic liver disease, evidence of acute cholangitis or cholecystitis. patients with at least one of the following: * alt or ast \>10xuln (upper limit of normal) * bilirubin \>5xuln * combination of alt/ast \>7xuln and elevated direct bilirubin \>uln 18. patient with known history of transfusion reactions, hemolytic anemia, or repetitive allergic reaction. 19. patient with previous history of organ allograft or stem cell transplantation.

patient on imv/ecmo. woman who is pregnant or breastfeeding. patient with weight <50 kg or >120 kg or bmi >40 kg/m^2. patient with stage 4 or 5 chronic kidney disease or estimated glomerular filtration rate <30 ml/min. patient with an active malignant tumor (diagnosed or on active treatment for the past 6 months). patient who is participating in other concurrent interventional clinical trials or has been treated with any experimental agents within 30 days prior to enrollment. patient who based on their medical history and receipt of therapies that would suggest infection, has suspected serious, active bacterial (including a suspected clinical diagnosis of current active tuberculosis [tb] or, if known, latent tb treated for less than 4 weeks with appropriate anti-tb therapy per institutional guidelines), fungal, or viral (including, but not limited to, active hbv, hcv, or hiv/aids) infection. patient with known immunocompromised state or immunosuppressive medications taken for indications other than sars-cov-2 as follows: prednisone or equivalent to a dose >10 mg/day, methotrexate >15 mg/week, within the last 60 days. cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine a (unless as ophthalmic formulation), leflunomide/teriflunomide (unless as monotherapy), tacrolimus (unless as a topical formulation), everolimus, temsirolimus, or azathioprine, in the last 60 days; methylprednisolone, dexamethasone, cortisone, or betamethasone for more than 7 days within the last 28 days or within 5 half-lives, whichever is longer; chemotherapy in the last 3 months; mycophenolate mofetil (mmf) or sirolimus for solid organ transplant or bone marrow transplant; thalidomide within the last 72 hours. anti-tumor necrosis factor (tnf) agents, interleukin (il)-1 receptor antagonists (il-1-ra), ctla-4 fusion proteins, anti-cd20, anti-cd52, anti-il-2, anti-il-6r, anti-il-12/23, anti-b-cell activation factor (baff) or integrin inhibitor agents within the last 8 weeks. patient with known new york heart association (nyha) class iii and iv heart failure or unstable angina, ventricular arrhythmias, ischemic heart disease, or myocardial infarction within 6 months prior to diagnosis of covid-19. patient with known active upper gastrointestinal (gi) tract ulceration or hepatic dysfunction including but not limited to biopsy-proven cirrhosis; end-stage cirrhosis (child pugh class c); portal hypertension; episodes of past upper gi bleeding attributed to portal hypertension; or prior episodes of hepatic failure, encephalopathy, or coma. patient with known idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. patient with chronic respiratory disease requiring home oxygen therapy on a regular basis for more than 6 hours per day. patient with known chronic obstructive pulmonary disease gold 4 (forced expiratory volume in one second <30% predicted). patient with any medical, psychiatric or substance abuse condition, concurrent medical therapies, or abnormal laboratory values that in the opinion of the site investigator may influence response to study product, or interfere with the study assessments. patient with gcs <13 with verbal score <5. patient with hemoglobin <8 g/dl. patient with history of chronic liver disease, evidence of acute cholangitis or cholecystitis. patients with at least one of the following: alt or ast >10xuln (upper limit of normal) bilirubin >5xuln combination of alt/ast >7xuln and elevated direct bilirubin >uln patient with known history of transfusion reactions, hemolytic anemia, or repetitive allergic reaction. patient with previous history of organ allograft or stem cell transplantation.

patient on imv/ecmo. woman who is pregnant or breastfeeding. patient with weight <50 kg or >120 kg or bmi >40 kg/m^2. patient with stage 4 or 5 chronic kidney disease or estimated glomerular filtration rate <30 ml/min. patient with an active malignant tumor (diagnosed or on active treatment for the past 6 months). patient who is participating in other concurrent interventional clinical trials or has been treated with any experimental agents within 30 days prior to enrollment. patient who based on their medical history and receipt of therapies that would suggest infection, has suspected serious, active bacterial (including a suspected clinical diagnosis of current active tuberculosis [tb] or, if known, latent tb treated for less than 4 weeks with appropriate anti-tb therapy per institutional guidelines), fungal, or viral (including, but not limited to, active hbv, hcv, or hiv/aids) infection. patient with known immunocompromised state or immunosuppressive medications taken for indications other than sars-cov-2 as follows: prednisone or equivalent to a dose >10 mg/day, methotrexate >15 mg/week, within the last 60 days. cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine a (unless as ophthalmic formulation), leflunomide/teriflunomide (unless as monotherapy), tacrolimus (unless as a topical formulation), everolimus, temsirolimus, or azathioprine, in the last 60 days; methylprednisolone, dexamethasone, cortisone, or betamethasone for more than 7 days within the last 28 days or within 5 half-lives, whichever is longer; chemotherapy in the last 3 months; mycophenolate mofetil (mmf) or sirolimus for solid organ transplant or bone marrow transplant; thalidomide within the last 72 hours. anti-tumor necrosis factor (tnf) agents, interleukin (il)-1 receptor antagonists (il-1-ra), ctla-4 fusion proteins, anti-cd20, anti-cd52, anti-il-2, anti-il-6r, anti-il-12/23, anti-b-cell activation factor (baff) or integrin inhibitor agents within the last 8 weeks. patient with known new york heart association (nyha) class iii and iv heart failure or unstable angina, ventricular arrhythmias, ischemic heart disease, or myocardial infarction within 6 months prior to diagnosis of covid-19. patient with known active upper gastrointestinal (gi) tract ulceration or hepatic dysfunction including but not limited to biopsy-proven cirrhosis; end-stage cirrhosis (child pugh class c); portal hypertension; episodes of past upper gi bleeding attributed to portal hypertension; or prior episodes of hepatic failure, encephalopathy, or coma. patient with known idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. patient with chronic respiratory disease requiring home oxygen therapy on a regular basis for more than 6 hours per day. patient with known chronic obstructive pulmonary disease gold 4 (forced expiratory volume in one second <30% predicted). patient with any medical, psychiatric or substance abuse condition, concurrent medical therapies, or abnormal laboratory values that in the opinion of the site investigator may influence response to study product, or interfere with the study assessments. patient with gcs <13 with verbal score <5. patient with hemoglobin <8 g/dl. patient with history of chronic liver disease, evidence of acute cholangitis or cholecystitis. patients with at least one of the following: alt or ast >10xuln (upper limit of normal) bilirubin >5xuln combination of alt/ast >7xuln and elevated direct bilirubin >uln patient with known history of transfusion reactions, hemolytic anemia, or repetitive allergic reaction. patient with previous history of organ allograft or stem cell transplantation.

1. patient on imv/ecmo. 2. woman who is pregnant or breastfeeding. 3. patient with weight <50 kg or >120 kg or bmi >40 kg/m^2. 4. patient with stage 4 or 5 chronic kidney disease or estimated glomerular filtration rate <30 ml/min. 5. patient with an active malignant tumor (diagnosed or on active treatment for the past 6 months). 6. patient who is participating in other concurrent interventional clinical trials or has been treated with any experimental agents within 30 days prior to enrollment. 7. patient who based on their medical history and receipt of therapies that would suggest infection, has suspected serious, active bacterial (including a suspected clinical diagnosis of current active tuberculosis [tb] or, if known, latent tb treated for less than 4 weeks with appropriate anti-tb therapy per institutional guidelines), fungal, or viral (including, but not limited to, active hbv, hcv, or hiv/aids) infection. 8. patient with known immunocompromised state or immunosuppressive medications taken for indications other than sars-cov-2 as follows: - prednisone or equivalent to a dose >10 mg/day, methotrexate >15 mg/week, within the last 60 days. cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine a (unless as ophthalmic formulation), leflunomide/teriflunomide (unless as monotherapy), tacrolimus (unless as a topical formulation), everolimus, temsirolimus, or azathioprine, in the last 60 days; - methylprednisolone, dexamethasone, cortisone, or betamethasone for more than 7 days within the last 28 days or within 5 half-lives, whichever is longer; - chemotherapy in the last 3 months; - mycophenolate mofetil (mmf) or sirolimus for solid organ transplant or bone marrow transplant; - thalidomide within the last 72 hours. - anti-tumor necrosis factor (tnf) agents, interleukin (il)-1 receptor antagonists (il-1-ra), ctla-4 fusion proteins, anti-cd20, anti-cd52, anti-il-2, anti-il-6r, anti-il-12/23, anti-b-cell activation factor (baff) or integrin inhibitor agents within the last 8 weeks. 9. patient with known new york heart association (nyha) class iii and iv heart failure or unstable angina, ventricular arrhythmias, ischemic heart disease, or myocardial infarction within 6 months prior to diagnosis of covid-19. 10. patient with known active upper gastrointestinal (gi) tract ulceration or hepatic dysfunction including but not limited to biopsy-proven cirrhosis; end-stage cirrhosis (child pugh class c); portal hypertension; episodes of past upper gi bleeding attributed to portal hypertension; or prior episodes of hepatic failure, encephalopathy, or coma. 11. patient with known idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. 12. patient with chronic respiratory disease requiring home oxygen therapy on a regular basis for more than 6 hours per day. 13. patient with known chronic obstructive pulmonary disease gold 4 (forced expiratory volume in one second <30% predicted). 14. patient with any medical, psychiatric or substance abuse condition, concurrent medical therapies, or abnormal laboratory values that in the opinion of the site investigator may influence response to study product, or interfere with the study assessments. 15. patient with gcs <13 with verbal score <5. 16. patient with hemoglobin <8 g/dl. 17. patient with history of chronic liver disease, evidence of acute cholangitis or cholecystitis. patients with at least one of the following: - alt or ast >10xuln (upper limit of normal) - bilirubin >5xuln - combination of alt/ast >7xuln and elevated direct bilirubin >uln 18. patient with known history of transfusion reactions, hemolytic anemia, or repetitive allergic reaction. 19. patient with previous history of organ allograft or stem cell transplantation.

1. patient on imv/ecmo. 2. woman who is pregnant or breastfeeding. 3. patient with weight <50 kg or >120 kg or bmi >40 kg/m^2. 4. patient with stage 4 or 5 chronic kidney disease or estimated glomerular filtration rate <30 ml/min. 5. patient with an active malignant tumor (diagnosed or on active treatment for the past 6 months). 6. patient who is participating in other concurrent interventional clinical trials or has been treated with any experimental agents within 30 days prior to enrollment. 7. patient who based on their medical history and receipt of therapies that would suggest infection, has suspected serious, active bacterial (including a suspected clinical diagnosis of current active tuberculosis [tb] or, if known, latent tb treated for less than 4 weeks with appropriate anti-tb therapy per institutional guidelines), fungal, or viral (including, but not limited to, active hbv, hcv, or hiv/aids) infection. 8. patient with known immunocompromised state or immunosuppressive medications taken for indications other than sars-cov-2 as follows: - prednisone or equivalent to a dose >10 mg/day, methotrexate >15 mg/week, within the last 60 days. cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine a (unless as ophthalmic formulation), leflunomide/teriflunomide (unless as monotherapy), tacrolimus (unless as a topical formulation), everolimus, temsirolimus, or azathioprine, in the last 60 days; - methylprednisolone, dexamethasone, cortisone, or betamethasone for more than 7 days within the last 28 days or within 5 half-lives, whichever is longer; - chemotherapy in the last 3 months; - mycophenolate mofetil (mmf) or sirolimus for solid organ transplant or bone marrow transplant; - thalidomide within the last 72 hours. - anti-tumor necrosis factor (tnf) agents, interleukin (il)-1 receptor antagonists (il-1-ra), ctla-4 fusion proteins, anti-cd20, anti-cd52, anti-il-2, anti-il-6r, anti-il-12/23, anti-b-cell activation factor (baff) or integrin inhibitor agents within the last 8 weeks. 9. patient with known new york heart association (nyha) class iii and iv heart failure or unstable angina, ventricular arrhythmias, ischemic heart disease, or myocardial infarction within 6 months prior to diagnosis of covid-19. 10. patient with known active upper gastrointestinal (gi) tract ulceration or hepatic dysfunction including but not limited to biopsy-proven cirrhosis; end-stage cirrhosis (child pugh class c); portal hypertension; episodes of past upper gi bleeding attributed to portal hypertension; or prior episodes of hepatic failure, encephalopathy, or coma. 11. patient with known idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. 12. patient with chronic respiratory disease requiring home oxygen therapy on a regular basis for more than 6 hours per day. 13. patient with known chronic obstructive pulmonary disease gold 4 (forced expiratory volume in one second <30% predicted). 14. patient with any medical, psychiatric or substance abuse condition, concurrent medical therapies, or abnormal laboratory values that in the opinion of the site investigator may influence response to study product, or interfere with the study assessments. 15. patient with gcs <13 with verbal score <5. 16. patient with hemoglobin <8 g/dl. 17. patient with history of chronic liver disease, evidence of acute cholangitis or cholecystitis. patients with at least one of the following: - alt or ast >10xuln (upper limit of normal) - bilirubin >5xuln - combination of alt/ast >7xuln and elevated direct bilirubin >uln 18. patient with known history of transfusion reactions, hemolytic anemia, or repetitive allergic reaction. 19. patient with previous history of organ allograft or stem cell transplantation.

1. women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. 2. patients with weight <50 kg or >120 kg or bmi >40 kg/m2. 3. patients with stage 4 or 5 chronic kidney disease or egfr <30 ml/min. 4. patients with an active malignant tumor (diagnosed or on active treatment for the past 6 months). 5. patients who are participating in other concurrent interventional clinical trials or have been treated with any experimental agents within 30 days prior to enrollment. 6. patients who based on their medical history and receipt of therapies that would suggest infection, have suspected serious, active bacterial (including a suspected clinical diagnosis of current active tuberculosis [tb] or, if known, latent tb treated for less than 4 weeks with appropriate anti-tb therapy per institutional guidelines), fungal, or viral (including, but not limited to, active hbv, hcv, or hiv/aids) infection. known immunocompromised state or immunosuppressive medications taken for indications other than sars-cov-2 as follows: 1. any dose of hydrocortisone, methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine a (unless as ophthalmic formulation permitted), leflunomide/teriflunomide (unless as monotherapy), tacrolimus (unless as a topical formulation), everolimus, temsirolimus, or azathioprine, at any time; 2. methylprednisolone, dexamethasone, cortisone, or betamethasone for more than 7 days within the last 28 days or within 5 half-lives, whichever is longer; 3. chemotherapy in the last 3 months; 4. mycophenolate mofetil (mmf) or sirolimus for solid organ transplant or bone marrow transplant; 5. thalidomide within the last 72 hours; 6. anti-tnf agents, interleukin-1 receptor antagonists (il-1-ra) or ctla-4 fusion proteins within the last 8 weeks; 7. anti-cd20, anti-cd52, anti-il-2, anti-il-6r, anti-il-12/23, anti-baff (b-cell activation factor) or integrin inhibitor agents within the last 2 years. 7. patients with known new york heart association (nyha) class iii and iv heart failure or unstable angina, ventricular arrhythmias, ischemic heart disease, or myocardial infarction within six months prior to diagnosis of covid-19. 8. patients with known active upper gastrointestinal (gi) tract ulceration or hepatic dysfunction including but not limited to biopsy-proven cirrhosis; end-stage cirrhosis (child pugh class c); portal hypertension; episodes of past upper gi bleeding attributed to portal hypertension; or prior episodes of hepatic failure, encephalopathy, or coma. 9. patients with gcs <13 with verbal score <5. 10. patients with hemoglobin <8 gr%. 11. patients with history of chronic liver disease, evidence of acute cholangitis or cholecystitis. patients with at least one of the following: 1. alt or ast >10×uln (upper limit of normal) 2. bilirubin >5×uln 3. combination of alt/ast >7×uln and elevated direct bilirubin >uln 12. patients with known history of transfusion reactions, hemolytic anemia, or repetitive allergic reaction. 13. patients with previous history of organ allograft or stem cell transplantation.

1. women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. 2. patients with weight <50 kg or >120 kg or bmi >40 kg/m2. 3. patients with stage 4 or 5 chronic kidney disease or egfr <30 ml/min. 4. patients with an active malignant tumor (diagnosed or on active treatment for the past 6 months). 5. patients who are participating in other concurrent interventional clinical trials or have been treated with any experimental agents within 30 days prior to enrollment. 6. patients who based on their medical history and receipt of therapies that would suggest infection, have suspected serious, active bacterial (including a suspected clinical diagnosis of current active tuberculosis [tb] or, if known, latent tb treated for less than 4 weeks with appropriate anti-tb therapy per institutional guidelines), fungal, or viral (including, but not limited to, active hbv, hcv, or hiv/aids) infection. known immunocompromised state or immunosuppressive medications taken for indications other than sars-cov-2 as follows: 1. any dose of hydrocortisone, methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine a (unless as ophthalmic formulation permitted), leflunomide/teriflunomide (unless as monotherapy), tacrolimus (unless as a topical formulation), everolimus, temsirolimus, or azathioprine, at any time; 2. methylprednisolone, dexamethasone, cortisone, or betamethasone for more than 7 days within the last 28 days or within 5 half-lives, whichever is longer; 3. chemotherapy in the last 3 months; 4. mycophenolate mofetil (mmf) or sirolimus for solid organ transplant or bone marrow transplant; 5. thalidomide within the last 72 hours; 6. anti-tnf agents, interleukin-1 receptor antagonists (il-1-ra) or ctla-4 fusion proteins within the last 8 weeks; 7. anti-cd20, anti-cd52, anti-il-2, anti-il-6r, anti-il-12/23, anti-baff (b-cell activation factor) or integrin inhibitor agents within the last 2 years. 7. patients with known new york heart association (nyha) class iii and iv heart failure or unstable angina, ventricular arrhythmias, ischemic heart disease, or myocardial infarction within six months prior to diagnosis of covid-19. 8. patients with known active upper gastrointestinal (gi) tract ulceration or hepatic dysfunction including but not limited to biopsy-proven cirrhosis; end-stage cirrhosis (child pugh class c); portal hypertension; episodes of past upper gi bleeding attributed to portal hypertension; or prior episodes of hepatic failure, encephalopathy, or coma. 9. patients with gcs <13 with verbal score <5. 10. patients with hemoglobin <8 gr%. 11. patients with history of chronic liver disease, evidence of acute cholangitis or cholecystitis. patients with at least one of the following: 1. alt or ast >10×uln (upper limit of normal) 2. bilirubin >5×uln 3. combination of alt/ast >7×uln and elevated direct bilirubin >uln 12. patients with known history of transfusion reactions, hemolytic anemia, or repetitive allergic reaction. 13. patients with previous history of organ allograft or stem cell transplantation.