* inclusion criteria: * all patients diagnosed with covid-19 infection with positive reverse transcriptase rt-pcr test, willing to participate in this study or pcr negative patients with clinically covid-19 pneumonia in cytokine storm as evidenced by raised inflammatory markers with typical radiological changes * patients of both genders were included * patients having an age of \> 65 years with proven cardiomyopathy, coronary artery disease, chronic lung disease, immunosuppressed or organ transplant end-stage renal disease on history \& examination and medical records and having any 1 out of 4 fever 0f * ≥39 c * hypotension or drop in mean arterial pressure of \> 10mmhg * progressive hypoxemia requiring \> 5 liters of oxygen * sustained respiratory rate \>30/min with any 2 laboratory parameters out of 3 are present d-dimers ≥ 1000 ng/ml c-reactive protein crp ≥ 100mg/l ferritin ≥ 600ng/ml * patients having low risk or no comorbidities and having an age of \<65 years with having any 3 out of 4 fever 0f * ≥39 c * hypotension or drop in mean arterial pressure of \> 10mmhg * progressive hypoxemia requiring \> 5 liters of oxygen * sustained respiratory rate \>30/min with any 2 laboratory parameters out of 3 are present d-dimers ≥ 1000 ng/ml c-reactive protein crp ≥ 100mg/l ferritin ≥ 600ng/ml * moderate severe or severe covid 19 features 1. shortness of breath oxygen saturation \<93% on room air 2. progressive hypoxemia requiring \> 5 liters of oxygen 3. respiratory rate \>30/min 4. the partial pressure of arterial oxygen to fraction of inspired oxygen ratio\<300 5. lung infiltrates on chest x-ray cxr \>50% within 24 to 48 hrs 6. respiratory failure *

* inclusion criteria: * all patients diagnosed with covid-19 infection with positive reverse transcriptase rt-pcr test, willing to participate in this study or pcr negative patients with clinically covid-19 pneumonia in cytokine storm as evidenced by raised inflammatory markers with typical radiological changes * patients of both genders were included * patients having an age of \> 65 years with proven cardiomyopathy, coronary artery disease, chronic lung disease, immunosuppressed or organ transplant end-stage renal disease on history \& examination and medical records and having any 1 out of 4 fever 0f * ≥39 c * hypotension or drop in mean arterial pressure of \> 10mmhg * progressive hypoxemia requiring \> 5 liters of oxygen * sustained respiratory rate \>30/min with any 2 laboratory parameters out of 3 are present d-dimers ≥ 1000 ng/ml c-reactive protein crp ≥ 100mg/l ferritin ≥ 600ng/ml * patients having low risk or no comorbidities and having an age of \<65 years with having any 3 out of 4 fever 0f * ≥39 c * hypotension or drop in mean arterial pressure of \> 10mmhg * progressive hypoxemia requiring \> 5 liters of oxygen * sustained respiratory rate \>30/min with any 2 laboratory parameters out of 3 are present d-dimers ≥ 1000 ng/ml c-reactive protein crp ≥ 100mg/l ferritin ≥ 600ng/ml * moderate severe or severe covid 19 features 1. shortness of breath oxygen saturation \<93% on room air 2. progressive hypoxemia requiring \> 5 liters of oxygen 3. respiratory rate \>30/min 4. the partial pressure of arterial oxygen to fraction of inspired oxygen ratio\<300 5. lung infiltrates on chest x-ray cxr \>50% within 24 to 48 hrs 6. respiratory failure *

inclusion criteria: all patients diagnosed with covid-19 infection with positive reverse transcriptase rt-pcr test, willing to participate in this study or pcr negative patients with clinically covid-19 pneumonia in cytokine storm as evidenced by raised inflammatory markers with typical radiological changes patients of both genders were included patients having an age of > 65 years with proven cardiomyopathy, coronary artery disease, chronic lung disease, immunosuppressed or organ transplant end-stage renal disease on history & examination and medical records and having any 1 out of 4 fever 0f ≥39 c hypotension or drop in mean arterial pressure of > 10mmhg progressive hypoxemia requiring > 5 liters of oxygen sustained respiratory rate >30/min with any 2 laboratory parameters out of 3 are present d-dimers ≥ 1000 ng/ml c-reactive protein crp ≥ 100mg/l ferritin ≥ 600ng/ml patients having low risk or no comorbidities and having an age of <65 years with having any 3 out of 4 fever 0f ≥39 c hypotension or drop in mean arterial pressure of > 10mmhg progressive hypoxemia requiring > 5 liters of oxygen sustained respiratory rate >30/min with any 2 laboratory parameters out of 3 are present d-dimers ≥ 1000 ng/ml c-reactive protein crp ≥ 100mg/l ferritin ≥ 600ng/ml moderate severe or severe covid 19 features shortness of breath oxygen saturation <93% on room air progressive hypoxemia requiring > 5 liters of oxygen respiratory rate >30/min the partial pressure of arterial oxygen to fraction of inspired oxygen ratio<300 lung infiltrates on chest x-ray cxr >50% within 24 to 48 hrs respiratory failure

inclusion criteria: all patients diagnosed with covid-19 infection with positive reverse transcriptase rt-pcr test, willing to participate in this study or pcr negative patients with clinically covid-19 pneumonia in cytokine storm as evidenced by raised inflammatory markers with typical radiological changes patients of both genders were included patients having an age of > 65 years with proven cardiomyopathy, coronary artery disease, chronic lung disease, immunosuppressed or organ transplant end-stage renal disease on history & examination and medical records and having any 1 out of 4 fever 0f ≥39 c hypotension or drop in mean arterial pressure of > 10mmhg progressive hypoxemia requiring > 5 liters of oxygen sustained respiratory rate >30/min with any 2 laboratory parameters out of 3 are present d-dimers ≥ 1000 ng/ml c-reactive protein crp ≥ 100mg/l ferritin ≥ 600ng/ml patients having low risk or no comorbidities and having an age of <65 years with having any 3 out of 4 fever 0f ≥39 c hypotension or drop in mean arterial pressure of > 10mmhg progressive hypoxemia requiring > 5 liters of oxygen sustained respiratory rate >30/min with any 2 laboratory parameters out of 3 are present d-dimers ≥ 1000 ng/ml c-reactive protein crp ≥ 100mg/l ferritin ≥ 600ng/ml moderate severe or severe covid 19 features shortness of breath oxygen saturation <93% on room air progressive hypoxemia requiring > 5 liters of oxygen respiratory rate >30/min the partial pressure of arterial oxygen to fraction of inspired oxygen ratio<300 lung infiltrates on chest x-ray cxr >50% within 24 to 48 hrs respiratory failure

- inclusion criteria: - all patients diagnosed with covid-19 infection with positive reverse transcriptase rt-pcr test, willing to participate in this study or pcr negative patients with clinically covid-19 pneumonia in cytokine storm as evidenced by raised inflammatory markers with typical radiological changes - patients of both genders were included - patients having an age of > 65 years with proven cardiomyopathy, coronary artery disease, chronic lung disease, immunosuppressed or organ transplant end-stage renal disease on history & examination and medical records and having any 1 out of 4 fever 0f - ≥39 c - hypotension or drop in mean arterial pressure of > 10mmhg - progressive hypoxemia requiring > 5 liters of oxygen - sustained respiratory rate >30/min with any 2 laboratory parameters out of 3 are present d-dimers ≥ 1000 ng/ml c-reactive protein crp ≥ 100mg/l ferritin ≥ 600ng/ml - patients having low risk or no comorbidities and having an age of <65 years with having any 3 out of 4 fever 0f - ≥39 c - hypotension or drop in mean arterial pressure of > 10mmhg - progressive hypoxemia requiring > 5 liters of oxygen - sustained respiratory rate >30/min with any 2 laboratory parameters out of 3 are present d-dimers ≥ 1000 ng/ml c-reactive protein crp ≥ 100mg/l ferritin ≥ 600ng/ml - moderate severe or severe covid 19 features 1. shortness of breath oxygen saturation <93% on room air 2. progressive hypoxemia requiring > 5 liters of oxygen 3. respiratory rate >30/min 4. the partial pressure of arterial oxygen to fraction of inspired oxygen ratio<300 5. lung infiltrates on chest x-ray cxr >50% within 24 to 48 hrs 6. respiratory failure -

- inclusion criteria: - all patients diagnosed with covid-19 infection with positive reverse transcriptase rt-pcr test, willing to participate in this study or pcr negative patients with clinically covid-19 pneumonia in cytokine storm as evidenced by raised inflammatory markers with typical radiological changes - patients of both genders were included - patients having an age of > 65 years with proven cardiomyopathy, coronary artery disease, chronic lung disease, immunosuppressed or organ transplant end-stage renal disease on history & examination and medical records and having any 1 out of 4 fever 0f - ≥39 c - hypotension or drop in mean arterial pressure of > 10mmhg - progressive hypoxemia requiring > 5 liters of oxygen - sustained respiratory rate >30/min with any 2 laboratory parameters out of 3 are present d-dimers ≥ 1000 ng/ml c-reactive protein crp ≥ 100mg/l ferritin ≥ 600ng/ml - patients having low risk or no comorbidities and having an age of <65 years with having any 3 out of 4 fever 0f - ≥39 c - hypotension or drop in mean arterial pressure of > 10mmhg - progressive hypoxemia requiring > 5 liters of oxygen - sustained respiratory rate >30/min with any 2 laboratory parameters out of 3 are present d-dimers ≥ 1000 ng/ml c-reactive protein crp ≥ 100mg/l ferritin ≥ 600ng/ml - moderate severe or severe covid 19 features 1. shortness of breath oxygen saturation <93% on room air 2. progressive hypoxemia requiring > 5 liters of oxygen 3. respiratory rate >30/min 4. the partial pressure of arterial oxygen to fraction of inspired oxygen ratio<300 5. lung infiltrates on chest x-ray cxr >50% within 24 to 48 hrs 6. respiratory failure -