inclusion criteria: * adult patients, age ≥ 18 years old. * covid-19 patients diagnosed with nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal pcr swab specimens that are treated in central public hospital dr. sardjito, teaching hospital of universitas gadjah mada (ugm), and yogyakarta covid-19 referral hospitals. * patients with mild and moderate pneumonia symptoms that are treated in central public hospital dr. sardjito, teaching hospital of universitas gadjah mada (ugm), and yogyakarta covid-19 referral hospitals.

inclusion criteria: * adult patients, age ≥ 18 years old. * covid-19 patients diagnosed with nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal pcr swab specimens that are treated in central public hospital dr. sardjito, teaching hospital of universitas gadjah mada (ugm), and yogyakarta covid-19 referral hospitals. * patients with mild and moderate pneumonia symptoms that are treated in central public hospital dr. sardjito, teaching hospital of universitas gadjah mada (ugm), and yogyakarta covid-19 referral hospitals.

inclusion criteria: - adult patients, age ≥ 18 years old. - covid-19 patients diagnosed with nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal pcr swab specimens that are treated in central public hospital dr. sardjito, teaching hospital of universitas gadjah mada (ugm), and yogyakarta covid-19 referral hospitals. - patients with mild and moderate pneumonia symptoms that are treated in central public hospital dr. sardjito, teaching hospital of universitas gadjah mada (ugm), and yogyakarta covid-19 referral hospitals.

inclusion criteria: - adult patients, age ≥ 18 years old. - covid-19 patients diagnosed with nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal pcr swab specimens that are treated in central public hospital dr. sardjito, teaching hospital of universitas gadjah mada (ugm), and yogyakarta covid-19 referral hospitals. - patients with mild and moderate pneumonia symptoms that are treated in central public hospital dr. sardjito, teaching hospital of universitas gadjah mada (ugm), and yogyakarta covid-19 referral hospitals.