inclusion criteria: * 1. male or non-pregnant female patients at least 18 years old 2. severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (sars-cov)-2 infection, either: * confirmed cases: prospective participants who test positive to a validated specific sars-cov-2 nucleic acid test or has the virus identified by electron microscopy or viral culture, as per local trust policy ≤ 7 days before randomisation. * probable/suspected case: prospective participants who may have been in contact with a confirmed case of covid-19, and have mild to severe covid-19 clinical symptoms and radio-graphic evidence\* of pulmonary infiltrates consistent with covid-19 disease 3. moderate to severe covid-19 requiring hospitalisation defined as: a) clinical status category 3-5 (inclusive) on the 7-point clinical status category scale as proposed by the world health organisation (who) master protocol: i. category 3: hospitalized, no oxygen therapy ii. category 4: hospitalized, oxygen by mask or nasal prongs iii. category 5: hospitalized, non-invasive ventilation or high-flow oxygen \*where routinely available, no tests will be requested for research purpose exclusion criteria therapy

inclusion criteria: * 1. male or non-pregnant female patients at least 18 years old 2. severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (sars-cov)-2 infection, either: * confirmed cases: prospective participants who test positive to a validated specific sars-cov-2 nucleic acid test or has the virus identified by electron microscopy or viral culture, as per local trust policy ≤ 7 days before randomisation. * probable/suspected case: prospective participants who may have been in contact with a confirmed case of covid-19, and have mild to severe covid-19 clinical symptoms and radio-graphic evidence\* of pulmonary infiltrates consistent with covid-19 disease 3. moderate to severe covid-19 requiring hospitalisation defined as: a) clinical status category 3-5 (inclusive) on the 7-point clinical status category scale as proposed by the world health organisation (who) master protocol: i. category 3: hospitalized, no oxygen therapy ii. category 4: hospitalized, oxygen by mask or nasal prongs iii. category 5: hospitalized, non-invasive ventilation or high-flow oxygen \*where routinely available, no tests will be requested for research purpose exclusion criteria therapy

inclusion criteria: - 1. male or non-pregnant female patients at least 18 years old 2. severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (sars-cov)-2 infection, either: - confirmed cases: prospective participants who test positive to a validated specific sars-cov-2 nucleic acid test or has the virus identified by electron microscopy or viral culture, as per local trust policy ≤ 7 days before randomisation. - probable/suspected case: prospective participants who may have been in contact with a confirmed case of covid-19, and have mild to severe covid-19 clinical symptoms and radio-graphic evidence* of pulmonary infiltrates consistent with covid-19 disease 3. moderate to severe covid-19 requiring hospitalisation defined as: a) clinical status category 3-5 (inclusive) on the 7-point clinical status category scale as proposed by the world health organisation (who) master protocol: i. category 3: hospitalized, no oxygen therapy ii. category 4: hospitalized, oxygen by mask or nasal prongs iii. category 5: hospitalized, non-invasive ventilation or high-flow oxygen *where routinely available, no tests will be requested for research purpose exclusion criteria therapy

inclusion criteria: - 1. male or non-pregnant female patients at least 18 years old 2. severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (sars-cov)-2 infection, either: - confirmed cases: prospective participants who test positive to a validated specific sars-cov-2 nucleic acid test or has the virus identified by electron microscopy or viral culture, as per local trust policy ≤ 7 days before randomisation. - probable/suspected case: prospective participants who may have been in contact with a confirmed case of covid-19, and have mild to severe covid-19 clinical symptoms and radio-graphic evidence* of pulmonary infiltrates consistent with covid-19 disease 3. moderate to severe covid-19 requiring hospitalisation defined as: a) clinical status category 3-5 (inclusive) on the 7-point clinical status category scale as proposed by the world health organisation (who) master protocol: i. category 3: hospitalized, no oxygen therapy ii. category 4: hospitalized, oxygen by mask or nasal prongs iii. category 5: hospitalized, non-invasive ventilation or high-flow oxygen *where routinely available, no tests will be requested for research purpose exclusion criteria therapy