* subjects unable to consent due to language barrier or cognitive impairment. * pregnancy/lactation. * regular use of agents that may affect inflammation in the last 3 months. the regular use of nsaids, aspirin, or statins will be allowed as long as dose has been stable for the last 3 months and is not expected to change during the study. * subject receiving vitamin k antagonists (e.g. warfarin, coumadin) * subject consuming supplements of vitamin k1, k2, or vitamin d. a daily multivitamin will not be exclusionary as long as vitamin d is not \> 600 ui daily. * presence of active neoplastic diseases requiring chemotherapy and/or use of immunosuppressive drugs * bmi \<18 kg/m2. * allergy or intolerance to vitamin k2 or vitamin d3 * hospitalization within the previous 28 days. * inability or unwillingness of the individual to give written informed consent

* subjects unable to consent due to language barrier or cognitive impairment. * pregnancy/lactation. * regular use of agents that may affect inflammation in the last 3 months. the regular use of nsaids, aspirin, or statins will be allowed as long as dose has been stable for the last 3 months and is not expected to change during the study. * subject receiving vitamin k antagonists (e.g. warfarin, coumadin) * subject consuming supplements of vitamin k1, k2, or vitamin d. a daily multivitamin will not be exclusionary as long as vitamin d is not \> 600 ui daily. * presence of active neoplastic diseases requiring chemotherapy and/or use of immunosuppressive drugs * bmi \<18 kg/m2. * allergy or intolerance to vitamin k2 or vitamin d3 * hospitalization within the previous 28 days. * inability or unwillingness of the individual to give written informed consent

subjects unable to consent due to language barrier or cognitive impairment. pregnancy/lactation. regular use of agents that may affect inflammation in the last 3 months. the regular use of nsaids, aspirin, or statins will be allowed as long as dose has been stable for the last 3 months and is not expected to change during the study. subject receiving vitamin k antagonists (e.g. warfarin, coumadin) subject consuming supplements of vitamin k1, k2, or vitamin d. a daily multivitamin will not be exclusionary as long as vitamin d is not > 600 ui daily. presence of active neoplastic diseases requiring chemotherapy and/or use of immunosuppressive drugs bmi <18 kg/m2. allergy or intolerance to vitamin k2 or vitamin d3 hospitalization within the previous 28 days. inability or unwillingness of the individual to give written informed consent

subjects unable to consent due to language barrier or cognitive impairment. pregnancy/lactation. regular use of agents that may affect inflammation in the last 3 months. the regular use of nsaids, aspirin, or statins will be allowed as long as dose has been stable for the last 3 months and is not expected to change during the study. subject receiving vitamin k antagonists (e.g. warfarin, coumadin) subject consuming supplements of vitamin k1, k2, or vitamin d. a daily multivitamin will not be exclusionary as long as vitamin d is not > 600 ui daily. presence of active neoplastic diseases requiring chemotherapy and/or use of immunosuppressive drugs bmi <18 kg/m2. allergy or intolerance to vitamin k2 or vitamin d3 hospitalization within the previous 28 days. inability or unwillingness of the individual to give written informed consent