inclusion criteria: 1. recruited subjects include all adult patients 18 years or above hospitalized for virologic confirmed sars-cov-2 infection. 2. all subjects give written informed consent. for patients who are critically ill, requiring icu, ventilation or confused, informed consent will be obtained from spouse, next-of-kin or legal guardians. 3. subjects must be available to complete the study and comply with study procedures. willingness to allow for serum samples to be stored beyond the study period, for potential additional future testing to better characterize immune response

inclusion criteria: 1. recruited subjects include all adult patients 18 years or above hospitalized for virologic confirmed sars-cov-2 infection. 2. all subjects give written informed consent. for patients who are critically ill, requiring icu, ventilation or confused, informed consent will be obtained from spouse, next-of-kin or legal guardians. 3. subjects must be available to complete the study and comply with study procedures. willingness to allow for serum samples to be stored beyond the study period, for potential additional future testing to better characterize immune response

inclusion criteria: recruited subjects include all adult patients 18 years or above hospitalized for virologic confirmed sars-cov-2 infection. all subjects give written informed consent. for patients who are critically ill, requiring icu, ventilation or confused, informed consent will be obtained from spouse, next-of-kin or legal guardians. subjects must be available to complete the study and comply with study procedures. willingness to allow for serum samples to be stored beyond the study period, for potential additional future testing to better characterize immune response

inclusion criteria: recruited subjects include all adult patients 18 years or above hospitalized for virologic confirmed sars-cov-2 infection. all subjects give written informed consent. for patients who are critically ill, requiring icu, ventilation or confused, informed consent will be obtained from spouse, next-of-kin or legal guardians. subjects must be available to complete the study and comply with study procedures. willingness to allow for serum samples to be stored beyond the study period, for potential additional future testing to better characterize immune response

inclusion criteria: 1. recruited subjects include all adult patients 18 years or above hospitalized for virologic confirmed sars-cov-2 infection. 2. all subjects give written informed consent. for patients who are critically ill, requiring icu, ventilation or confused, informed consent will be obtained from spouse, next-of-kin or legal guardians. 3. subjects must be available to complete the study and comply with study procedures. willingness to allow for serum samples to be stored beyond the study period, for potential additional future testing to better characterize immune response

inclusion criteria: 1. recruited subjects include all adult patients 18 years or above hospitalized for virologic confirmed sars-cov-2 infection. 2. all subjects give written informed consent. for patients who are critically ill, requiring icu, ventilation or confused, informed consent will be obtained from spouse, next-of-kin or legal guardians. 3. subjects must be available to complete the study and comply with study procedures. willingness to allow for serum samples to be stored beyond the study period, for potential additional future testing to better characterize immune response