inclusion criteria: * sars-cov-2 infection confirmed with who criteria (including a positive pcr of any specimen, e.g., blood, respiratory, stool, urine, or any other body fluid) * chest imaging (radiograph, computerized tomography (ct) scan or lung ultrasound) with abnormalities consistent with covid-19 pneumonia * oxygen saturation (spo2) ≤92% on room air (ra), respiratory rate ≥24 breaths per min on ra, and/or requirement for supplemental oxygen * at least 1 risk factor which may put patient at higher risk for more severe illness from covid-19: age \> 65, underlying serious heart disease, chronic lung disease, moderate to severe asthma, body mass index of ≥40, or diabetes

inclusion criteria: * sars-cov-2 infection confirmed with who criteria (including a positive pcr of any specimen, e.g., blood, respiratory, stool, urine, or any other body fluid) * chest imaging (radiograph, computerized tomography (ct) scan or lung ultrasound) with abnormalities consistent with covid-19 pneumonia * oxygen saturation (spo2) ≤92% on room air (ra), respiratory rate ≥24 breaths per min on ra, and/or requirement for supplemental oxygen * at least 1 risk factor which may put patient at higher risk for more severe illness from covid-19: age \> 65, underlying serious heart disease, chronic lung disease, moderate to severe asthma, body mass index of ≥40, or diabetes

inclusion criteria: * sars-cov-2 infection confirmed with who criteria (including a positive pcr of any specimen, e.g., blood, respiratory, stool, urine, or any other body fluid) * chest imaging (radiograph, ct scan or lung ultrasound) with abnormalities consistent with covid-19 pneumonia * spo2 ≤ 92% on room air (ra), rr ≥24 breaths per min on ra, and/or requirement for supplemental oxygen * at least 1 risk factor which may put patient at higher risk for more severe illness from covid-19: age \> 65, underlying serious heart disease, chronic lung disease, moderate to severe asthma, body mass index of ≥ 40 or diabetes

inclusion criteria: * sars-cov-2 infection confirmed with who criteria (including a positive pcr of any specimen, e.g., blood, respiratory, stool, urine, or any other body fluid) * chest imaging (radiograph, ct scan or lung ultrasound) with abnormalities consistent with covid-19 pneumonia * spo2 ≤ 92% on room air (ra), rr ≥24 breaths per min on ra, and/or requirement for supplemental oxygen * at least 1 risk factor which may put patient at higher risk for more severe illness from covid-19: age \> 65, underlying serious heart disease, chronic lung disease, moderate to severe asthma, body mass index of ≥ 40 or diabetes

inclusion criteria: - sars-cov-2 infection confirmed with who criteria (including a positive pcr of any specimen, e.g., blood, respiratory, stool, urine, or any other body fluid) - chest imaging (radiograph, ct scan or lung ultrasound) with abnormalities consistent with covid-19 pneumonia - spo2 ≤ 92% on room air (ra), rr ≥24 breaths per min on ra, and/or requirement for supplemental oxygen - at least 1 risk factor which may put patient at higher risk for more severe illness from covid-19: age > 65, underlying serious heart disease, chronic lung disease, moderate to severe asthma, body mass index of ≥ 40 or diabetes

inclusion criteria: - sars-cov-2 infection confirmed with who criteria (including a positive pcr of any specimen, e.g., blood, respiratory, stool, urine, or any other body fluid) - chest imaging (radiograph, ct scan or lung ultrasound) with abnormalities consistent with covid-19 pneumonia - spo2 ≤ 92% on room air (ra), rr ≥24 breaths per min on ra, and/or requirement for supplemental oxygen - at least 1 risk factor which may put patient at higher risk for more severe illness from covid-19: age > 65, underlying serious heart disease, chronic lung disease, moderate to severe asthma, body mass index of ≥ 40 or diabetes