1. contraindications to sedatives, such as propofol infusion syndrome or malignant hyperthermia; 2. known allergy to any of the ingredients or components of the investigational products; sevoflurane or isoflurane; 3. suspect or evidence of high intracranial pressure; 4. severe brain injury that is likely to lead to sustained very low conscious levels or vegetative state 5. severe neuromuscular disorder for example amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, gullian barre syndrome that are the primary cause of needing icu admission and mechanical ventilation 6. one-lung ventilation or pneumonectomy; 7. ideal estimated tidal volume too low for delivery of inhaled agents. target (6ml/kg) \< 200ml; 8. use of inhaled prostacyclin which is contraindicated in the presence of a miniature vaporizer (i.e., anesthesia conserving device). this agent has a high viscosity that leads to poor vaporization of the volatile agent. note: other inhaled pulmonary vasodilators such as nitric oxide can be safely administered in the presence of miniature vaporizers. use of prostacyclin is permissible with an anesthesia machine and madm; 9. known pregnancy 10. moribund patient not expected to survive \>12 hours

1. contraindications to sedatives, such as propofol infusion syndrome or malignant hyperthermia; 2. known allergy to any of the ingredients or components of the investigational products; sevoflurane or isoflurane; 3. suspect or evidence of high intracranial pressure; 4. severe brain injury that is likely to lead to sustained very low conscious levels or vegetative state 5. severe neuromuscular disorder for example amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, gullian barre syndrome that are the primary cause of needing icu admission and mechanical ventilation 6. one-lung ventilation or pneumonectomy; 7. ideal estimated tidal volume too low for delivery of inhaled agents. target (6ml/kg) \< 200ml; 8. use of inhaled prostacyclin which is contraindicated in the presence of a miniature vaporizer (i.e., anesthesia conserving device). this agent has a high viscosity that leads to poor vaporization of the volatile agent. note: other inhaled pulmonary vasodilators such as nitric oxide can be safely administered in the presence of miniature vaporizers. use of prostacyclin is permissible with an anesthesia machine and madm; 9. known pregnancy 10. moribund patient not expected to survive \>12 hours

contraindications to sedatives, such as propofol infusion syndrome or malignant hyperthermia; known allergy to any of the ingredients or components of the investigational products; sevoflurane or isoflurane; suspect or evidence of high intracranial pressure; severe brain injury that is likely to lead to sustained very low conscious levels or vegetative state; severe neuromuscular disorder for example amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, gullian barre syndrome that are the primary cause of needing icu admission and mechanical ventilation; one-lung ventilation or pneumonectomy; ideal estimated tidal volume too low for delivery of inhaled agents. target (6ml/kg) < 200ml; use of inhaled prostacyclin which is contraindicated in the presence of a miniature vaporizer (i.e., anesthesia conserving device). this agent has a high viscosity that leads to poor vaporization of the volatile agent. note: other inhaled pulmonary vasodilators such as nitric oxide can be safely administered in the presence of miniature vaporizers. use of prostacyclin is permissible with an anesthesia machine and madm; known pregnancy moribund patient not expected to survive >12 hours

contraindications to sedatives, such as propofol infusion syndrome or malignant hyperthermia; known allergy to any of the ingredients or components of the investigational products; sevoflurane or isoflurane; suspect or evidence of high intracranial pressure; severe brain injury that is likely to lead to sustained very low conscious levels or vegetative state; severe neuromuscular disorder for example amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, gullian barre syndrome that are the primary cause of needing icu admission and mechanical ventilation; one-lung ventilation or pneumonectomy; ideal estimated tidal volume too low for delivery of inhaled agents. target (6ml/kg) < 200ml; use of inhaled prostacyclin which is contraindicated in the presence of a miniature vaporizer (i.e., anesthesia conserving device). this agent has a high viscosity that leads to poor vaporization of the volatile agent. note: other inhaled pulmonary vasodilators such as nitric oxide can be safely administered in the presence of miniature vaporizers. use of prostacyclin is permissible with an anesthesia machine and madm; known pregnancy moribund patient not expected to survive >12 hours

1. contraindications to sedatives, such as propofol infusion syndrome or malignant hyperthermia; 2. known allergy to any of the ingredients or components of the investigational products; sevoflurane or isoflurane; 3. suspect or evidence of high intracranial pressure; 4. severe brain injury that is likely to lead to sustained very low conscious levels or vegetative state; 5. severe neuromuscular disorder for example amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, gullian barre syndrome that are the primary cause of needing icu admission and mechanical ventilation; 6. one-lung ventilation or pneumonectomy; 7. ideal estimated tidal volume too low for delivery of inhaled agents. target (6ml/kg) < 200ml; 8. use of inhaled prostacyclin which is contraindicated in the presence of a miniature vaporizer (i.e., anesthesia conserving device). this agent has a high viscosity that leads to poor vaporization of the volatile agent. note: other inhaled pulmonary vasodilators such as nitric oxide can be safely administered in the presence of miniature vaporizers. use of prostacyclin is permissible with an anesthesia machine and madm; 9. known pregnancy 10. moribund patient not expected to survive >12 hours

1. contraindications to sedatives, such as propofol infusion syndrome or malignant hyperthermia; 2. known allergy to any of the ingredients or components of the investigational products; sevoflurane or isoflurane; 3. suspect or evidence of high intracranial pressure; 4. severe brain injury that is likely to lead to sustained very low conscious levels or vegetative state; 5. severe neuromuscular disorder for example amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, gullian barre syndrome that are the primary cause of needing icu admission and mechanical ventilation; 6. one-lung ventilation or pneumonectomy; 7. ideal estimated tidal volume too low for delivery of inhaled agents. target (6ml/kg) < 200ml; 8. use of inhaled prostacyclin which is contraindicated in the presence of a miniature vaporizer (i.e., anesthesia conserving device). this agent has a high viscosity that leads to poor vaporization of the volatile agent. note: other inhaled pulmonary vasodilators such as nitric oxide can be safely administered in the presence of miniature vaporizers. use of prostacyclin is permissible with an anesthesia machine and madm; 9. known pregnancy 10. moribund patient not expected to survive >12 hours

1. contraindications to sedatives, such as propofol infusion syndrome or malignant hyperthermia; 2. known allergy to any of the ingredients or components of the investigational products; sevoflurane or isoflurane; 3. suspect or evidence of high intracranial pressure; 4. severe brain injury that is likely to lead to sustained very low conscious levels or vegetative state; 5. severe neuromuscular disorder for example amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, gullian barre syndrome that are the primary cause of needing icu admission and mechanical ventilation; 6. one-lung ventilation or pneumonectomy; 7. ideal estimated tidal volume too low for delivery of inhaled agents. target (6ml/kg) < 200ml; 8. use of inhaled prostacyclin which is contraindicated in the presence of a miniature vaporizer (i.e., anesthesia conserving device). this agent has a high viscosity that leads to poor vaporization of the volatile agent. note: other inhaled pulmonary vasodilators such as nitric oxide can be safely administered in the presence of miniature vaporizers. use of prostacyclin is permissible with an anesthesia machine and madm; 9. known pregnancy

1. contraindications to sedatives, such as propofol infusion syndrome or malignant hyperthermia; 2. known allergy to any of the ingredients or components of the investigational products; sevoflurane or isoflurane; 3. suspect or evidence of high intracranial pressure; 4. severe brain injury that is likely to lead to sustained very low conscious levels or vegetative state; 5. severe neuromuscular disorder for example amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, gullian barre syndrome that are the primary cause of needing icu admission and mechanical ventilation; 6. one-lung ventilation or pneumonectomy; 7. ideal estimated tidal volume too low for delivery of inhaled agents. target (6ml/kg) < 200ml; 8. use of inhaled prostacyclin which is contraindicated in the presence of a miniature vaporizer (i.e., anesthesia conserving device). this agent has a high viscosity that leads to poor vaporization of the volatile agent. note: other inhaled pulmonary vasodilators such as nitric oxide can be safely administered in the presence of miniature vaporizers. use of prostacyclin is permissible with an anesthesia machine and madm; 9. known pregnancy

1. contraindications to sedatives, such as propofol infusion syndrome or malignant hyperthermia; 2. known allergy to any of the ingredients or components of the investigational products; sevoflurane or isoflurane; 3. suspect or evidence of high intracranial pressure; 4. one-lung ventilation or pneumonectomy; 5. ideal estimated tidal volume too low for delivery of inhaled agents. target (6ml/kg) < 200ml; 6. use of inhaled prostacyclin which is contraindicated in the presence of a miniature vaporizer (i.e., anesthesia conserving device). this agent has a high viscosity that leads to poor vaporization of the volatile agent. other inhaled pulmonary vasodilators such as nitric oxide can be safely administered in the presence of miniature vaporizers. use of prostacyclin is permissible with an anesthesia machine and madm; 7. known pregnancy

1. contraindications to sedatives, such as propofol infusion syndrome or malignant hyperthermia; 2. known allergy to any of the ingredients or components of the investigational products; sevoflurane or isoflurane; 3. suspect or evidence of high intracranial pressure; 4. one-lung ventilation or pneumonectomy; 5. ideal estimated tidal volume too low for delivery of inhaled agents. target (6ml/kg) < 200ml; 6. use of inhaled prostacyclin which is contraindicated in the presence of a miniature vaporizer (i.e., anesthesia conserving device). this agent has a high viscosity that leads to poor vaporization of the volatile agent. other inhaled pulmonary vasodilators such as nitric oxide can be safely administered in the presence of miniature vaporizers. use of prostacyclin is permissible with an anesthesia machine and madm; 7. known pregnancy